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ODM Leadership

Party Ideology and Our History

The Orange Democratic Movement's journey from constitutional reform to Kenya's largest opposition party

Our History

The Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) is the largest political party in Kenya born out of a protracted struggle for reforms in Kenya. The clamor for reforms arose out of successive mutilations of the independence constitution that culminated to the enactment of Section 2 (a) which banned multiparty politics.

The subsequent authoritarian style of leadership led to massive human rights violations. However, repression did not dampen Kenyans spirit and desire for a democratic and just society. The agitation for reforms spearheaded by reform agents mainly politicians, a section of the clergy and activists forced the Kenya National African Union (Kanu) regime to repeal Section 2 (a) of the constitution. This brought to an end the single party rule and opened the doors for multiparty politics.

Key Historical Milestones

1

Constitutional Reform Movement (1990s-2002)

The new era heightened the hunger for a new constitutional dispensation with Kenyans from all walks of life embracing mass protests spearheaded by the civil society and reform minded politicians to compel the KANU Government to embrace reforms. The constitution of the National Constitutional Conference (NCC) in 2002 was a direct consequence of this campaign.

2

NARC Victory and Bomas Conference (2002-2005)

Riding on an undertaking to give Kenyans a new constitution in the first 100 days of their rule, the National Rainbow Coalition (NARC) trounced KANU in the 2002 General Election. The Bomas Conference was recalled to conclude the process. However, a section of the government turned out to be retrogressive leading to draft that was not a reflection of people's aspirations and expectations.

3

The Birth of the Orange (2005)

The ensuing constitutional referendum pitted the YES team, christened 'Banana' against the NO team dubbed 'Orange'. The proponents of the YES team were for the draft constitution which negated the aspirations of the people, basically anti-reform minded people. The NO team (Orange) wanted a constitution that stood for equitable development through devolution, respect for human rights and vibrant democracy.

The NO (Orange) team comprised of Messrs Raila Odinga, Kalonzo Musyoka, Henry Kosgey, William Ruto, Uhuru Kenyatta, Musalia Mudavadi, Najib Balala, Billow Kerrow, Charity Ngilu, William Ole Ntimama, Omingo Magara, Fred Gumo among others. From the clergy we had Rev. Timothy Njoya, Rev. (Dr) David Gitari, Sheikh Juma Ngao among others.

4

Formation of ODM (2005-2007)

The Orange victory at the referendum transformed the movement into a major political party, the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) which was captained by Raila Odinga and Mudavadi, Ruto, Balala, Joe Nyagah and Ngilu which formed the PENTAGON.

5

The Stolen Orange Victory (2007)

The 2007 general election was a re-play of the 2005 referendum pitying the Yes proponents under the Party of National Unity (PNU) led by Mwai Kibaki and the Orange team under the stewardship of Raila Odinga. Having mounted a successful campaign, the Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) won the election but had its victory denied in bungled process that left the country on fire leading to post election violence. These protests and pressure from the international community led to a negotiated power-sharing deal on a 50-50 basis.

6

Grand Coalition Government (2008-2013)

The grand coalition government was born with Kibaki retaining the presidency and Raila assuming the Prime Minister's position. Under the National Accord, the grand coalition government was obligated to undertake institutional reforms, national reconciliation and most importantly, complete the constitutional process.

7

The New Constitution (2010)

On 4th August 2010, a referendum was held on a draft constitution that captured the Orange constitutional aspirations and expectations. On the 28th of the same month, the Orange Democratic Movement registered a landmark victory when the new constitution was promulgated.

8

Democracy on Trial (2013-Present)

The lack of commitment by the coalition partners PNU to the spirit and letter of the constitution impacted negatively on the implementation. The forces of the status quo obstructed the realization of the actual fruits of change. This is illustrated by the rejection of the TJRC report, the refusal to address impunity with regard to post election violence and ultimately the manipulation of the 2013 general election that saw yet another snatched victory from the Orange party.

Our Core Ideological Principles

Social Democracy

Commitment to democratic governance with social justice, ensuring equitable distribution of resources and opportunities for all Kenyans.

Devolution

Championing devolved governance to bring services closer to the people and ensure equitable development across all regions.

Human Rights

Unwavering commitment to protecting and promoting human rights, dignity, and fundamental freedoms for every Kenyan.

Democratic Governance

Promoting vibrant democracy with transparent, accountable, and participatory governance structures.

Social Justice

Fighting inequality and ensuring fair treatment and opportunities for marginalized and vulnerable communities.

Pan-Africanism

Promoting African unity, integration, and solidarity while advancing Kenya's role in regional and continental affairs.

Constitutional Pillars We Champion

Devolved Governance

  • County governments with autonomous powers
  • Equitable resource sharing and allocation
  • Local participation in governance
  • Protection of marginalized communities

Bill of Rights

  • Fundamental rights and freedoms
  • Economic and social rights
  • Gender equality and non-discrimination
  • Access to justice and due process

The Orange Legacy

2005 Referendum Victory

Successfully defeated the retrogressive draft constitution, paving the way for meaningful constitutional reforms.

2010 Constitution

Led the successful campaign for the new constitution that enshrined devolution, human rights, and democratic governance.

Largest Opposition Party

Remains Kenya's largest political party, providing strong democratic opposition and alternative governance vision.

Our Vision for Kenya

The Orange Democratic Movement envisions a prosperous, united, and democratic Kenya where every citizen enjoys equal opportunities, fundamental rights are protected, and governance is transparent, accountable, and participatory.

Economic Transformation

  • • Job creation and economic empowerment
  • • Industrialization and value addition
  • • Support for SMEs and entrepreneurs
  • • Equitable resource distribution

Social Progress

  • • Universal healthcare and education
  • • Gender equality and youth empowerment
  • • Social protection for vulnerable groups
  • • Cultural diversity and national unity

Join the Orange Movement

Be part of Kenya's largest democratic movement working towards a better, more prosperous future for all Kenyans.